Electrostatic precipitator is a dust removal equipment that uses electrostatic force (Coulomb force) to separate dust or liquid droplets in gas. It is also called electrostatic precipitator or electric precipitator. Electrostatic precipitators are widely used in smelting, cement, gas, power station boilers, sulfuric acid, paper making and other industries.
　　The electrostatic precipitator consists of two parts: the dust collector body and the power supply device. The dust collector body includes discharge electrodes, dust collection electrodes, air flow distribution devices, dust cleaning mechanisms, insulation devices and shells.  
　Compared with other dust removal equipment, the electrostatic precipitator is suitable for removing 0.01-50um dust in the flue gas. It has high dust removal efficiency for almost all kinds of dust, smoke, etc., down to extremely small particles; and it can be used to control the flue gas temperature. Suitable for high-pressure and high-pressure situations; low equipment resistance (100~300Pa), low energy consumption; high dust removal efficiency; uncomplicated maintenance and repair. Practice shows that the greater the amount of flue gas treated, the more economical the investment and operating costs of using an electrostatic precipitator are.  
　　The electrostatic precipitator uses a high-voltage electric field to ionize the flue gas, and the charged dust in the air flow is separated from the air flow under the action of the electric field. The negative electrode is made of metal wires with different cross-section shapes, called discharge electrodes. The positive electrode is made of metal plates of different geometric shapes, called dust collecting electrodes.
　　The performance of the electrostatic precipitator is affected by three factors: dust properties, equipment structure and flue gas flow rate. The specific resistance of dust is an indicator for evaluating conductivity, which has a direct impact on dust removal efficiency. If the specific resistance is too low, it is difficult for dust particles to remain on the dust collecting electrode, causing them to return to the airflow. If the specific resistance is too high, the charge of the dust particles reaching the dust collecting electrode will not be easily released, and the voltage gradient formed between the dust layers will cause local breakdown and discharge phenomena. These situations will cause dust removal efficiency to decrease.  
　　The power supply of the electrostatic precipitator consists of a control box, a step-up transformer and a rectifier. The voltage output by the power supply also has a great influence on the dust removal efficiency. Therefore, the operating voltage of the electrostatic precipitator needs to be maintained at 40-75kV or even above 100kV.